1958

55 years after the first twelve seconds

Boeing 707 707-320B shown

The jet age reaches passengers

10 m · person 1.75 m · behind it, the A380 at the same scale

The story

The 707 halved journey times and made crossing an ocean a matter of hours, not days. Its and engines hung on pylons below them set the shape of almost every airliner since.

Boeing paid for the prototype, the 367-80, with $16 million of its own money, and no airline had ordered it. At a hydroplane race over Lake Washington in August 1955, the test pilot rolled it upside down and back in front of the airline executives Boeing had invited to watch.

It was not the first jet airliner. The British de Havilland Comet had carried passengers from 1952 until a series of crashes caused by grounded it, and a new Comet 4 beat the 707 across the Atlantic by three weeks in October 1958. But the 707 carried more people farther, and turned the jet into the normal way to cross an ocean. For three decades 707s also served as Air Force One.

How it works

Why airliners lean their wings back. Sweep the wing and the air meets its leading edge at a slant, so it can fly closer to the speed of sound before shock waves form and drag climbs.

Drawn for the Airbus A380

A Rolls-Royce Trent 970, the A380's engine, on a ground-run thrust frame with part of its casing cut away. Drag the lever and the three spools wind up at their own speeds; most of the air the fan moves leaves as a cold bypass jet around the core. Press Space for a take-off run.
The whole aircraftDrag to turn it, and pinch to zoom. Pick a part to fly the camera to it.

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Specifications

Top speed
1,000 km/h
Wingspan
44.4 m
Max weight
151,300 kg
Ceiling
12,500 m
Range
9,300 km
In 12 seconds
3.3 km
Power
4 × Pratt & Whitney JT3D turbofans, 80 kN each
101001,00010,000 km/h

Where it flew

New York to Paris, Pan Am

Idlewild, New York. Idlewild was renamed John F. Kennedy International in 1963. The simulator starts here, over today's ground and imagery of the place.

Fly it yourself

Take the Boeing 707 up in 3D, with its real weight, wing area and power.

Take off and climb to 10,000 m, where jets are most efficient.

Where it sits in a century of speed

Top speed of every aircraft on the timeline, on a logarithmic scale, with this one marked.

101001,00010,000km/h1900192019401960198020002020 Mach 1 at altitudeWright FlyerBell X-1Boeing 707North American X-15ConcordeIngenuity
3/6

Formula 1 car · ≈ 370 km/h10 of 16 aircraft here are faster than a Formula 1 car (≈ 370 km/h).

All sixteen aircraft

  1. 1903Wright Flyer
  2. 1909Blériot XI
  3. 1917Sopwith Camel
  4. 1927Spirit of St. Louis
  5. 1936Douglas DC-3
  6. 1939Heinkel He 178
  7. 1947Bell X-1
  8. 1958Boeing 707
  9. 1964SR-71 Blackbird
  10. 1967North American X-15
  11. 1969Boeing 747
  12. 1976Concorde
  13. 1989Northrop B-2 Spirit
  14. 2007Airbus A380
  15. 2011Boeing 787 Dreamliner
  16. 2021Ingenuity
Back to the timeline

Airspeed km/h
0
Mach 0000°Altitude m
0
Climb 0 m/s
Throttle0%

WS throttle↑↓ pitch←→ rollC cameraM soundR restart